The use of mussel‑inspired polydopamine interlayer for high‑efficiency surface functionalization of PET fabrics

The surface modifications of polymer materials are carried out to improve surface properties, add new functionalities and thus enlarge their application areas. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a commonly used textile fabric to achieve functional properties via surface modification techniques. However, its inert and non-reactive nature necessitates an activation process before the surface modification to create functional surfaces. Plasma treatment and chemical methods are commonly used for this aim. However, these techniques can easily damage the surface of the PET fabric and result in decreased mechanical properties. In this study, we proposed a new method to activate the surface of PET using polydopamine (PDA) interlayer, known as substrate-independent coating material, to form a better and more homogenous polyaniline (PAni) coating via an in-situ polymerization technique. The surface appearance of the samples was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, and the distribution of elements was analyzed using an energy-dispersive (EDS) detector. Thermal properties of the samples were explored using thermogravimetric analyses and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to compare the chemical structures of the coated and uncoated samples. It was found that the PDA interlayer between PAni and PET significantly reduced the sheet resistance by providing more homogenous and chemically stable PAni coatings. Moreover, the effect of the PDA and PAni coating on the optical properties was investigated, and it was found that the PDA + PAni coated fabric exhibited a maximum of 10% reflectance in the range of 400 and 700 nm while uncoated fabric showed over 90%.

Source: Journal of Polymer Research
Publisher: Springer
Original Language: English
Document type: Article / Open Access

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The Comparison of the Edge Detection Methods in the Determination of Yarn Hairiness through Image Processing

The resolution, quality and speed of the cameras have improved enormously in recent years. The combination of camera advancements and the software industry offers significant opportunities. 

In this study, an image processing approach for the determination of yarn hairiness was presented. Yarn images taken under a microscope were examined in MATLAB software. 

Seven different edge detection algorithms were used in order to separate the hairs from the yarn body. Seven different textural properties of obtained yarn images were compared with Zweigle hairiness test results. The findings have indicated that yarn hairiness can be clearly detected from microscope images with a six-step algorithm. 

The first four phases are grayscale, double format, 2D median filtering and histogram-fitting, respectively. The fifth stage is the edge detection algorithm and the sixth stage is the use of textural parameters. When compared with the Zweigle hairiness results, the most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that the best appropriate technique for edge detection was the Sobel method, and the textural parameter to be used in the evaluation was the standard deviation of matrix elements.

Source: Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon
Publisher: Ege University Textile and Apparel Research & Application Center
Original Language: English
Document type: Article / Open Access

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The Usage of Image Processing Techniques on the Determination of Pilling Grades

This compilation presents a detailed review of current research, developments, and progress on nanotechnology usage for the elimination of dyes from effluents released by textile industries. The benefits of using nanomaterials for functionalized textile production are presented, and the applications of nanomaterials in the most known functional technical textiles are discussed. The authors present the results of empirical studies carried out in the Portuguese industrial context, including the textile sector, where the relationship between negative effects associated with shift work and the adoption of certain management practices by organizations is analyzed. Additionally, the authors discuss how, to achieve the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technological tools must be incorporated into both the production and consumption of textiles. The closing study indicates that it is possible to make objective pilling detection easily for standard fabric structures in the textile industry using databases created by measuring lots of samples.

Chapter 5. The Usage of Image Processing Techniques on the Determination of Pilling Grades (Abdurrahman Telli, Department of Textile Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey)

ABSTRACT: Pilling is a serious defect of fabric surface that gives an unpleasant appearance to garment. Pilling tendency is tested with different methods and devices in the laboratory conditions. The determination of the pilling grades is made with visual control by operators. Therefore, the human factor is significantly effective in this subjective evaluation method and may cause incorrect results. Studies in recent years show that objective methods based on image processing are preparing to replace subjective pilling assessments. In this chapter, difficulties in the subjective evaluation of the pilling grades were explained. Potential opportunities presented by image processing studies in the literature on the objective evaluation of the pilling grades were investigated. Image processing steps were given with various examples by using Image Processing Toolbox and codes in MATLAB software. In this study, it was indicated that it is possible to make an objective pilling detection easily for the fabric structures used as standard in the textile industry thanks to the databases to be created with measuring lots of samples.

ISBN: 978-1-53618-770-0

Publication Date: October 30, 2020

Original Language: English

Document type: Book/ Restricted Access

Publisher: Nova Science

Link: https://novapublishers.com/shop/challenges-and-opportunities-in-the-textile-industry/

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The Use of Nanomaterials in Functional Textiles

This compilation presents a detailed review of current research, developments, and progress on nanotechnology usage for the elimination of dyes from effluents released by textile industries. The benefits of using nanomaterials for functionalized textile production are presented, and the applications of nanomaterials in the most known functional technical textiles are discussed. The authors present the results of empirical studies carried out in the Portuguese industrial context, including the textile sector, where the relationship between negative effects associated with shift work and the adoption of certain management practices by organizations is analyzed. Additionally, the authors discuss how, to achieve the Fourth Industrial Revolution, technological tools must be incorporated into both the production and consumption of textiles. The closing study indicates that it is possible to make objective pilling detection easily for standard fabric structures in the textile industry using databases created by measuring lots of samples.

Chapter 2. The Use of Nanomaterials in Functional Textiles (Mahmut Tas and Abdurrahman Telli, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, and Department of Textile Engineering, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey)

ABSTRACT: Nanosized materials are becoming more and more popular in almost every field of the industry. Technical textiles are one of the major applications of nanomaterials and there are many commercialized nanoparticles functionalized textiles on the market such as electromagnetic interference shielding materials, flame retardant textiles, UV-protective fabrics, etc. The compatibility of conventional textile processes for nanoparticle applications and reduced nanomaterial production costs are made much faster to produce commercialized nanoparticle functionalized textiles. 

Nanoclays, carbon-based nanomaterials, and metal-based nanopowders are the most commonly used nanomaterials in functional textiles. It is possible to produce nanomaterial functionalized textile by adding nanoparticles into polymer melt or solution for synthetic fibres, or surface treatment of fiber or textile materials. 

In this chapter of the book, the benefits of using nanomaterials for functionalized textile production will be presented. Applications of nanomaterials in the most known functional technical textiles, (flame retardant, antimicrobial, electromagnetic interference shielding, UV-protective, superhydrophobic, and wrinkle resistive) will be discussed.

ISBN: 978-1-53618-770-0

Publication Date: October 30, 2020

Original Language: English

Document type: Book/ Restricted Access

Publisher: Nova Science

Link: https://novapublishers.com/shop/challenges-and-opportunities-in-the-textile-industry/

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The Relationship Between Subjective Pilling Evaluation Results and Detecting Pills and Textural Features in Knitted Fabrics

The digital image processing studies are used in order to eliminate problems of subjective pilling evaluation. However, these applications did not come to the desired point. The purpose of this research is to put forward with explanations about the reasons for the failures of previous studies in objective pilling evaluation. In this study, three issues were dwelled on. Firstly, data belong to original fabrics (0 turns) were taken into consideration. Secondly, data were standardized using min-max normalization with a feature scaling approach to compare different fabrics. For this process, data after pilling and results belong to original fabrics (0 turns) were taken together. Thirdly, knitted fabrics were separated into different categories according to formed pill types and characteristics after pilling processing. The results were evaluated in the most appropriate category according to the pill’s structure. Two sample fabrics containing appropriate structure and characteristics which were able to explain the three overlooked issues were used. In digital image processing made by paying attention to these mentioned three points, both pill parameters and textural features obtained from digital images were determined. The relationships between these parameters and subjective evaluation results were examined.

Source: Fibers and Polymers

Publisher: The Korean Fiber Society (KFS)

Original Language: English

Document type: Article / Restricted Access

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12221-020-9552-1

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Usage of Co-mingling Process in Production of Metal Hybrid Yarn

In this study, polyamide 6.6 yarns with copper, silver and stainless steel metal monofilaments were combined in intermingling machine by commingling method. 

The purpose of this paper is to develop a fast and cost-effective alternative method for production of hybrid yarns containing metal filaments. Microscope images of the produced hybrid yarns were taken. Linear density, breaking force, breaking elongation and hairiness were measured in these yarns. It has been observed that the use of metal filament has a negative effect on yarn quality values. 

The best yarn properties were obtained from hybrid yarn containing stainless steel. Filament breakage were determined in the production of hybrid yarns containing silver and especially copper metals. It was determined that this filament breakages can be an important problem for subsequent processing steps such as weaving or knitting. In the future studies, the hybrid yarn properties can be optimized by changes on process parameters of intermingling machine and metal filament properties.

Source: Journal of Science and Engineering
Publisher: Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Engineering
Original Language: Turkish
Document type: Article / Open Access

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Cited by 1 documents except author up to this time :

1. İlkan, Ö. (2020). Investigation of the technical and physical properties of metal composite 1× 1 rib knitted fabrics. Industria Textila, 71(1), 41-49.

Last Updated: 24.06.2022

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